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دوره 15، شماره 2 - ( 5-1404 )
جلد 15 شماره 2 صفحات 147-140 |
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Zeidy P, Safdari A. Impact of Quran Recitation Audio on Anxiety in Patients Admitted to Cardiac Intensive Care Units: A Randomized Clinical Trial. cmja 2025; 15 (2) :140-147
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1033-fa.html
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1033-fa.html
زیدی پویا، صفدری علی، صفرآبادی مهدی. تأثیر صوت قرآن کریم بر اضطراب بیماران بستری‌شده در بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه قلبی
(مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی). فصلنامه طب مکمل. 1404; 15 (2) :140-147
پویا زیدی1 
، علی صفدری2 
، مهدی صفرآبادی*3
، علی صفدری2 ، مهدی صفرآبادی*3
1- کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی خمین، خمین، ایران
2- گروه پرستاری، دانشکده علوم پزشکی ملایر، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری های مزمن (مراقبت در منزل)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران
3- دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی خمین، خمین، ایران ،mahdisafarabadi@gmail.com
2- گروه پرستاری، دانشکده علوم پزشکی ملایر، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری های مزمن (مراقبت در منزل)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران
3- دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی خمین، خمین، ایران ،
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INTRODUCTION
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. In Iran, CVDs account for a significant proportion of hospital admissions, healthcare costs, and disease burden. One of the critical units for admitting such patients is the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) [1, 2]. Hospitalization in a CCU can be a highly stressful and anxiety-inducing experience due to the physical environment, medical equipment, continuous monitoring by healthcare personnel, separation from family, and concerns regarding diagnosis and treatment [3]. Anxiety in these patients not only affects their quality of life and treatment experience but may also result in physiological alterations, such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and sympathetic activity, which can interfere with the treatment process. In recent years, attention has increasingly turned toward non-pharmacological and complementary interventions to alleviate anxiety, especially those aligned with patients’ cultural and religious beliefs [4]. One such intervention is listening to the recitation of the Holy Quran, which has been proposed as a spiritual and calming method in various studies [5]. Prior findings suggest that Quranic recitation may influence brain activity and reduce the activation of stress-related regions; therefore, it may lower anxiety levels. Given the cultural relevance, affordability, and lack of side effects of this intervention, the present study aimed to determine the effect of listening to selected verses of the Holy Quran on anxiety levels among patients admitted to the CCU.
METHODS
The present randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups was conducted in the first half of 2024 (1403 in the Iranian calendar) at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Khomein, Iran. The study population included all patients admitted to the hospital’s CCU. Inclusion criteria were: age over 18 years, full consciousness (GCS = 15), ability to hear, no history of psychiatric disorders or sedative use, no prior CCU admission within the past three months, and provision of informed consent. Patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups using simple randomization. In the intervention group, patients listened to selected verses of the Quran (Surah Al-Fatiha and verses 1–20 of Surah Yusuf, recited by Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdus Samad) for 15 min daily at 5 PM over three consecutive days through headphones. The control group received no intervention but remained in the same environmental conditions.
Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1), which was completed via self-report before and after the three-day intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS (version 21) software. Statistical tests included independent t-tests, paired t-tests, and Chi-square tests, with the significance level set at p ˂ 0.05.
RESULTS
A total of 68 patients participated in the study, with 67 included in the final analysis (34 in the intervention group and 33 in the control group). The mean participant age was 61.2 years (range: 42–78 years), with 58.2% of participants being male, and most having an education level below a high school diploma. No significant demographic differences were observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The pre-intervention mean anxiety score was 35.52 (±6.31) in the intervention group and 53.87 (±5.22) in the control group. After the intervention, the intervention group’s anxiety decreased to 28.23 (±5.89), which indicated a statistically significant reduction (P ˂ 0.001). In contrast, the control group’s anxiety reduced from 53.87 to 52.96, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). In addition, between-group comparison revealed a significant difference in anxiety reduction (P ˂ 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study showed that the Holy Quran is effective in reducing anxiety in patients hospitalized in cardiac intensive care units. Moreover, playing the Holy Quran for a short period of time is able to reduce anxiety in patients, which may be due to the nature of heart diseases. However, obtaining definitive evidence requires conducting future studies with larger sample sizes.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This trial was registered with the Ethics Committee of Khomein University of Medical Sciences under code IR.KHOMEIN.REC.1403.009. Furthermore, the study was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registration Organization under code IRCT20240609062052N2. All participants were informed of the study objectives and the confidentiality of information before the intervention.
Conflict of Interest
The authors reported no conflict of interest.
Funding
This study is based on a research project approved by Khomein University of Medical Sciences and was conducted with financial support from this university.
Authors' Contributions
All authors have equal contributions to this study.
Acknowledgments
The authors hereby express their gratitude to all participants in the study and to the Vice-Chancellor for Research of Khomein University of Medical Sciences.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. In Iran, CVDs account for a significant proportion of hospital admissions, healthcare costs, and disease burden. One of the critical units for admitting such patients is the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) [1, 2]. Hospitalization in a CCU can be a highly stressful and anxiety-inducing experience due to the physical environment, medical equipment, continuous monitoring by healthcare personnel, separation from family, and concerns regarding diagnosis and treatment [3]. Anxiety in these patients not only affects their quality of life and treatment experience but may also result in physiological alterations, such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and sympathetic activity, which can interfere with the treatment process. In recent years, attention has increasingly turned toward non-pharmacological and complementary interventions to alleviate anxiety, especially those aligned with patients’ cultural and religious beliefs [4]. One such intervention is listening to the recitation of the Holy Quran, which has been proposed as a spiritual and calming method in various studies [5]. Prior findings suggest that Quranic recitation may influence brain activity and reduce the activation of stress-related regions; therefore, it may lower anxiety levels. Given the cultural relevance, affordability, and lack of side effects of this intervention, the present study aimed to determine the effect of listening to selected verses of the Holy Quran on anxiety levels among patients admitted to the CCU.
METHODS
The present randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups was conducted in the first half of 2024 (1403 in the Iranian calendar) at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Khomein, Iran. The study population included all patients admitted to the hospital’s CCU. Inclusion criteria were: age over 18 years, full consciousness (GCS = 15), ability to hear, no history of psychiatric disorders or sedative use, no prior CCU admission within the past three months, and provision of informed consent. Patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups using simple randomization. In the intervention group, patients listened to selected verses of the Quran (Surah Al-Fatiha and verses 1–20 of Surah Yusuf, recited by Sheikh Abdul Basit Abdus Samad) for 15 min daily at 5 PM over three consecutive days through headphones. The control group received no intervention but remained in the same environmental conditions.
Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y1), which was completed via self-report before and after the three-day intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS (version 21) software. Statistical tests included independent t-tests, paired t-tests, and Chi-square tests, with the significance level set at p ˂ 0.05.
RESULTS
A total of 68 patients participated in the study, with 67 included in the final analysis (34 in the intervention group and 33 in the control group). The mean participant age was 61.2 years (range: 42–78 years), with 58.2% of participants being male, and most having an education level below a high school diploma. No significant demographic differences were observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The pre-intervention mean anxiety score was 35.52 (±6.31) in the intervention group and 53.87 (±5.22) in the control group. After the intervention, the intervention group’s anxiety decreased to 28.23 (±5.89), which indicated a statistically significant reduction (P ˂ 0.001). In contrast, the control group’s anxiety reduced from 53.87 to 52.96, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). In addition, between-group comparison revealed a significant difference in anxiety reduction (P ˂ 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study showed that the Holy Quran is effective in reducing anxiety in patients hospitalized in cardiac intensive care units. Moreover, playing the Holy Quran for a short period of time is able to reduce anxiety in patients, which may be due to the nature of heart diseases. However, obtaining definitive evidence requires conducting future studies with larger sample sizes.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This trial was registered with the Ethics Committee of Khomein University of Medical Sciences under code IR.KHOMEIN.REC.1403.009. Furthermore, the study was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registration Organization under code IRCT20240609062052N2. All participants were informed of the study objectives and the confidentiality of information before the intervention.
Conflict of Interest
The authors reported no conflict of interest.
Funding
This study is based on a research project approved by Khomein University of Medical Sciences and was conducted with financial support from this university.
Authors' Contributions
All authors have equal contributions to this study.
Acknowledgments
The authors hereby express their gratitude to all participants in the study and to the Vice-Chancellor for Research of Khomein University of Medical Sciences.
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي |
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پرستاری و مامایی
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مجله طب مکمل
اراک، سردشت، میدان بسیج، مجتمع دانشگاهی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، بال آبی، دفتر مجله طب مکمل
تلفن دفتر نشریه: 08634173524
ایمیل: journalcmjaarakmu.ac.ir
