Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2026)
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nazari Y, nazari A. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Animal Studies on the Effects of Exercise Training and Royal Jelly Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Enzymes. cmja 2026; 16 (1)
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1074-en.html
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1074-en.html
1- Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran , Y.nazari53@gmail.com
2- Department of Physical Education, University of Saravan, Saravan, Iran
2- Department of Physical Education, University of Saravan, Saravan, Iran
Abstract: (60 Views)
Introduction: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. Regular physical activity and the use of natural supplements such as royal jelly have been suggested as strategies to reduce oxidative stress and strengthen the antioxidant defense system. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of exercise and royal jelly supplementation on oxidative stress indices and antioxidant enzyme activity in human and animal studies.
Materials and Methods: Articles published in Persian and English until August 31, 2025, that examined the simultaneous effect of exercise and royal jelly supplementation were searched from Pub Med, Google scholar, Science direct, SID, Scopus, and Irandoc databases and entered into meta-analysis. Random effects models were used for meta-analysis of the medium effect size (difference in mean with 95% confidence interval). In the present study, Malondialdehyde (MDA) was selected as an oxidative index and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were selected as antioxidant enzymes, and statistical analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta‑Analysis (Version 2) CMA2 software.
Results: A total of 10 articles that examined the effects of exercise and royal jelly supplementation on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that royal jelly supplementation and exercise training had no significant effect on malondialdehyde (ES=-0.149, 95% CI=-0.837 to -1.135, p=0.767) and superoxide dismutase (ES=-0.53, 95% CI=-0.500 to -0.42, p=0.27). However, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity was significantly increased (ES=2.23, 95% CI=-0.72 to 0.74, p=0.003).
Conclusion: The combination of exercise and royal jelly supplementation significantly increases the activity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase in animal studies and also prevents the increase in malondialdehyde levels, which is an indicator of oxidative stress.
Materials and Methods: Articles published in Persian and English until August 31, 2025, that examined the simultaneous effect of exercise and royal jelly supplementation were searched from Pub Med, Google scholar, Science direct, SID, Scopus, and Irandoc databases and entered into meta-analysis. Random effects models were used for meta-analysis of the medium effect size (difference in mean with 95% confidence interval). In the present study, Malondialdehyde (MDA) was selected as an oxidative index and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were selected as antioxidant enzymes, and statistical analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta‑Analysis (Version 2) CMA2 software.
Results: A total of 10 articles that examined the effects of exercise and royal jelly supplementation on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that royal jelly supplementation and exercise training had no significant effect on malondialdehyde (ES=-0.149, 95% CI=-0.837 to -1.135, p=0.767) and superoxide dismutase (ES=-0.53, 95% CI=-0.500 to -0.42, p=0.27). However, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity was significantly increased (ES=2.23, 95% CI=-0.72 to 0.74, p=0.003).
Conclusion: The combination of exercise and royal jelly supplementation significantly increases the activity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase in animal studies and also prevents the increase in malondialdehyde levels, which is an indicator of oxidative stress.
Type of Study: Review Paper |
Subject:
Physiology
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