Introduction : Chronic insomnia is a common complaint of hemodialysis patients. The present study has conducted to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on insomnia severity of patients undergoing hemodialysis in hospitals affiliated with Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in year 2010.

  Method : This study is a before and after quasi-experimental study. using purposive sampling method 42 patients were selected. Data collected by insomnia severity index (ISI) and two-week sleep diary that were completed before and after relaxation. Progressive muscle relaxation was trained to patients during three sessions and the patients did relaxation practice for a month, twice a day and filled relaxation diary after relaxation. Data were analyzed with t-test, willcoxon, macknemar, pearson and spearman tests.

  Result: More samples are female(54.5%), marreid(60%) and house keeper(54.2). mean age of samples are 42.83±12.85 and mean hemodialysis history were 4.97±4.54.

  The mean score of samples^, insomnia severity after relaxation(6.34±5.04) were significantly(P<0.001) lower than before(15.54±6.16) . the variables of sleep diary such as sleep onset duration, the number of awakening in night and real nocturnal sleep duration, showed significant deferences before and after relaxation (P<0.001).

  Conclusion : According to the results of this study, progressive muscle relaxation has a favorable effect on insomnia severity and sleep variables of hemodialysis patients and can be served as a useful method to improve sleep quality.

  Introduction: Environmental neuropathy is a major cause of disability in diabetic patients. Pain is a major symptom in neuropathy which appears in more than 30% of diabetic patients. The whole body vibration therapy is one of the non-pharmacological methods in pain control in environmental neuropathy. The present study has been conducted with the aim to investigate the effects of lower limb vibration therapy on controlling the pain of diabetic neuropathy.

  Methods: The present study is a pre/post interventional research which has been conducted on 36 patients suffering from diabetic neuropathy. The subjects have been introduced into the study with simple sampling. At the beginning of the study, demographic traits and pain severity have been measured and registered by the researcher. Vibration therapy has been done on neuropathic limbs for two weeks. This task has been performed two times a day, each lasting for 10 minutes. Ultimately after a two-week intervention, the patients’ pain severity has been measured again by visual scale. 

  Results: The mean and standard deviation of the participants’ age was 52.38±11.61 years. The majority of the participants were female (26 subjects 72%). The mean and standard deviation of the patients’ pain before the vibration therapy was 5.21±1.37 and after three periods of vibration therapy was reduced to 4.30±1.41. In other words, pain severity has been reduced after vibration therapy which had a meaningful difference (p=0.001) using paired T-test.

  Conclusion: Lower limb vibration therapy can reduce the diabetic neuropathic pain, thus can be utilized as a method of diabetic pain relief.

The effect of Progressive muscle relaxation on happiness in nursing students

Background and objective: Happiness, an evaluation of the individual and his life work, and issues such as life satisfaction, excitement and positive mood, lack of depression and anxiety are included. A person who is more than happiness, peace and security, making life better and finally there is hunky-dory. The purpose of this study was the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on nursing students' happiness.

Materials and Methods: This research is a Single blind clinical trial conducted on 60 of Second and third year nursing students of Arak University of medical sciences. Participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. Happiness levels in both groups are measured using the Oxford Happiness questionnaire. Then the experimental group is trained progressive muscle relaxation. Intervention group were applying progressive muscle relaxation once a day for 4 weeks. After a month, the happiness questionnaire in two groups was filled out. Data using SPSS software and chi-square tests, t-test and t-test were analyzed.

Results: The results showed that the happiness of students before and after the relaxation in intervention group, was significant differences (p<0.05). Also after the muscle relaxation in both intervention and control groups were significantly different (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Relaxation effects on students' happiness. So, it is recommended that progressive muscle relaxation use by nursing students.

Introduction: In Iranian traditional medicine and nourishment, cullises and pottages have been the basis of diet, because of their easily cooking way and their optimum digestion. Since the onset of different kinds of diseases have been the result of changing lifestyle especially their eating habits in modern society, the amendment of the diet and consideration of the emphasized Iranian Traditional medicine principals could be a pertinent way in the prevention and treatment of the diseases.

 Content: Cullises and pottages are food-drugs which have a significant role in excreting corrupt humors, so they could be effective in the prevention and treatment of diseases such as constipation and cardiovascular diseases. In this review study, referring to reliable sources of Iranian Traditional medicine, different kinds of pottages have been introduced and their effects on the prevention and treatment of the diseases have been investigated.

Result:Today, observance of the principals of proper nutrition as a main method prevention and treatment have been considered. It seems that the promotion of the society’s health can be achieved with the exact investigation of the curative effects of cullises and pottages, in addition to better recognition the properties of these food-drugs.