Letter to the editor for article titled &quot;A Review of the Therapeutic Effects of Viola Odorata Plant in Traditional Iranian Medicine and Modern Medicine&quot;

Ghazanfari, Seyed Majid; Ghazanfari, Seyed Mohammad Vahid

Write your message

ارسال به ایمیل

Back to the articles list | Back to browse issues page

Letter to the editor for article titled "A Review of the Therapeutic Effects of Viola Odorata Plant in Traditional Iranian Medicine and Modern Medicine"

Seyed Majid Ghazanfari ^*¹

, Seyed Mohammad Vahid Ghazanfari²

1- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran , everlastingmajid@gmail.com
2- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran

Abstract: (25 Views)

Letter to the Editor:Cyclotides are ultra-stable plant-derived macrocyclic defensive polypeptides characterized by a cysteine-rich ring skeleton. This unique and distinctive structure provides them with exceptional structural stability and remarkable resistance to biological degradation, thermal stress, enzymatic and chemical denaturation, giving them inherent cell-penetrating capacities and allowing them to act as active oral agents for host defense. These properties also make cyclotides ideal scaffolds for the design of novel oral drugs. Cyclotides exhibit a wide range of beneficial biological activities and can be used in agriculture and pharmaceuticals. Cyclotides have been discovered in numerous plant families, including Violets, Rubiaceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Poaceae, and Fabaceae. They are mainly found in the families Violaceae and Rubiaceae, and to a limited extent in other families. Cyclotides are commonly distributed throughout the Violaceae family and, although widely distributed in the genera Leonia and Viola, they are also present in the vast majority of Violaceae species, which have not yet been studied, although they naturally exhibit diverse biological activities. Cyclotides exhibit a wide range of therapeutic activities, including uterine-sterilizing, hemolytic, anti-neurotensin, anti-HIV, cytotoxic, anti-fouling, and anti-cancer activities, and have also been reported as biopesticides. Recent advances in the biological and pharmacological activities of cyclotides have been particularly significant in their application as antimicrobial agents, although the complexities of the cyclotide biosynthetic pathway have posed challenges for their synthesis in non-native organisms. For example, semi-pure cyclotide mixtures derived from Viola dalatensis Gagnep showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aspergillus flavus.

Keywords: Cyclotide, Violet, Sweet Violet

Type of Study: Review Paper | Subject: Medicinal Plants

Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb