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Volume 12, Issue 3 (12-2022)                   cmja 2022, 12(3): 270-283 | Back to browse issues page

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Kadkhoda Z, Khajeie R, Barjaste Yazdi A, Safipor Afshar A, Zarei M. Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training Along With Purslane Consumption on Lipid Profile of Rats with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. cmja 2022; 12 (3) :270-283
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-887-en.html
Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training Along With Purslane Consumption on Lipid Profile of Rats with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Zeynab Kadkhoda1 , Rambod Khajeie *2 , Ameneh Barjaste Yazdi1 , Akbar Safipor Afshar3 , Mehdi Zarei4
1- Department of Physical Education, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
2- Department of Physical Education, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran. , R.khajeie@gmail.com
3- Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
4- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran.
Keywords: High-intensity interval training, Lipid profile, Portulaca Oleracea, Non-alcoholic fatty liver
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Introduction
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is leading liver disease in the 21st century, and its prevalence is expected to increase in the world [1]. Proper nutrition and exercise are important for the prevention of many diseases, including NAFLD [11]. Most of the studies conducted on the effect of exercise on NAFLD have used traditional methods such as continuous exercises [12]. Recent studies have shown that High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has a more favorable effect on NAFLD [13]. In addition to the need for spending less time, HIIT can cause more adaptations and improve aerobic and anaerobic fitness [14].
Purslane (Portulaca Oleracea) is one of the well-known plants in traditional medicine, which has been used since ancient times for the treatment of many diseases [17, 18]. It is an annual plant with succulent green leaves, reddish stems, tiny yellow or white flowers, and tiny black eggs that have medicinal properties [18]. It has been shown that the fleshy leaves of Purslane have the highest amount of flavonoids and ascorbic acid with a protective effect against free radicals [21, 22, 23]. Since the pathogenesis of NAFLD is related to the metabolic syndrome and its components, HIIT in combination with purslane supplementation may provide a new therapeutic strategy for people with NAFLD. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether HIIT exercise along with consumption of purslane supplement can have an effect on the lipid profile of rats with NAFLD. 
Method 
This is an experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design. Twenty-five wistar rats were placed in two control groups and three experimental groups by simple random sampling method. One group received standard dietary regimen (healthy control group). The other four groups received a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce NAFLD. After 12 weeks, four groups were randomly assigned to NAFLD control group (n=5), HIIT group (n=5); HIIT + supplement group (n=5) and supplement group (n=5). The HIIT program in the first week was performed at an intensity of 75% of VO2max with seven one-minute attempts at a speed of 30 meters per minute and an active recovery interval with an intensity of 15% of VO2max. The intensity was gradually increased to 80% of VO2max in the second week, 85% of VO2max in the third week, 90% of VO2max in the fourth week, and continued until the end of the eighth week. Purslane extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight was administered by gavage to two groups of supplement and HIIT + supplement. All rats were anesthetized 48 hours after the last training session. Then, blood sampling was performed and plasma levels of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Triglyceride (TG), and Total Cholesterol (TC) were measured by a photometric method using a kit (Pars Azmoun) specific to animal samples. To check the normality of data distribution, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used. After determining the normality, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to statistically analyze the data and compare the groups. All statistical calculations were done in SPSS v. 20 software.
Results
The results showed that the plasma TG level in the HIIT + supplement group was significantly lower than in the NAFLD control group (P=0.035). The level of TC in the supplement (P=0.013) and the HIIT + supplement (P=0.001) groups was significantly lower than in the NAFLD control group (Table 1).


The plasma HDL level in the HIIT+ supplement group was significantly higher compared to healthy control (P=0.021), NAFLD control (P=0.001), HIIT (P=0.006) and supplement (P=0.018) groups. p=0). The plasma LDL level was significantly lower in the HIIT (P=0.01), supplement (P=0.001) and HIIT + supplement (P=0.001) groups compared the NAFLD control group. The LDL level in the HIIT + supplement group was significantly lower than in the HIIT group (P=0.001) and healthy control group (P=0.001) (Table 1).
Discussion
The HIIT combined with purslane supplementation has favorable effects on the lipid profile of rats with NAFLD. Therefore, their combination can be used as a complementary treatment method to prevent disease progression in people with NAFLD.

Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
This study was approved by the ethics committee of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.NKUMS.REC.1400.075).

Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors. 

Authors' contributions
All authors equally contributed to preparing this article.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.


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Type of Study: Research | Subject: Physiology
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