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Volume 16, Issue 3 (12-2026)
cmja 2026, 16(3): 0-0 |
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muslmawi M, Siyahkohiyan M, sadeghi A, Noorian3 E, farzizadeh R. Comparing the effects of different doses of royal jelly supplementation following an exhausting physical activity on short-term hormonal responses of testosterone and cortisol in adolescent male soccer players. cmja 2026; 16 (3)
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1072-en.html
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1072-en.html
1- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran , mohanad.mohammed1u2@gmail.com
2- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
4- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payam Noor University of Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
5- Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.
2- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
4- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payam Noor University of Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
5- Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract: (21 Views)
Introduction and purpose: The use of natural supplements to optimize performance has become common among football players. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of royal jelly supplementation following an exhaustive exercise session on testosterone and cortisol levels in adolescent male football players.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study included 30 adolescent football players (mean age: 16.58 ± 1.25 years), who were randomly assigned to three equal groups (n=10 per group): a placebo group, a 1 g royal jelly group, and a 4.5 g royal jelly group. All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. Immediately following each exhaustive exercise session, participants consumed their assigned dose (placebo, 1 g, or 4.5 g). Blood samples for testosterone and cortisol measurement were collected immediately post-exercise and again at 24 h post-exercise. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results: At 24 h post-intervention, significant increases in testosterone were observed in the 1 g dose group (p=0.04, t=-6.56) and the 4.5 g dose group (p=0.001, t=-10.91). Concurrently, significant cortisol reductions were noted in both the 1 g dose group (p=0.02, t=-5.04) and the 4.5 g dose group (p=0.001, t=-7.26). With respect to percentage changes, the 4.5 g group demonstrated a superior increase in testosterone (7.93%) and a more pronounced decrease in cortisol (7.6%) relative to the other groups at the 24-hour time point. The results of the ANCOVA test indicated significant differences between the groups in testosterone (p=0.001, F=29.80) and cortisol (p=0.001, F =15.57) levels.
Conclusion: Consumption of royal jelly at a dose of 4.5 g in adolescent soccer players likely reduces cortisol and increases testosterone for up to 24 h following intense training. Therefore, it is recommended to consume royal jelly immediately after training to improve anabolic status and reduce stress following intense activity.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study included 30 adolescent football players (mean age: 16.58 ± 1.25 years), who were randomly assigned to three equal groups (n=10 per group): a placebo group, a 1 g royal jelly group, and a 4.5 g royal jelly group. All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. Immediately following each exhaustive exercise session, participants consumed their assigned dose (placebo, 1 g, or 4.5 g). Blood samples for testosterone and cortisol measurement were collected immediately post-exercise and again at 24 h post-exercise. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results: At 24 h post-intervention, significant increases in testosterone were observed in the 1 g dose group (p=0.04, t=-6.56) and the 4.5 g dose group (p=0.001, t=-10.91). Concurrently, significant cortisol reductions were noted in both the 1 g dose group (p=0.02, t=-5.04) and the 4.5 g dose group (p=0.001, t=-7.26). With respect to percentage changes, the 4.5 g group demonstrated a superior increase in testosterone (7.93%) and a more pronounced decrease in cortisol (7.6%) relative to the other groups at the 24-hour time point. The results of the ANCOVA test indicated significant differences between the groups in testosterone (p=0.001, F=29.80) and cortisol (p=0.001, F =15.57) levels.
Conclusion: Consumption of royal jelly at a dose of 4.5 g in adolescent soccer players likely reduces cortisol and increases testosterone for up to 24 h following intense training. Therefore, it is recommended to consume royal jelly immediately after training to improve anabolic status and reduce stress following intense activity.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Physiology
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