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Volume 16, Issue 3 (12-2026)
cmja 2026, 16(3): 231-242 |
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Noah Karim A, Shamsaei N, Nooraei A, Erfani S. The Simultaneous Effect of Endurance Training and Shilajit Supplementation on Oxidative Stress and Passive Avoidance Memory after Cerebral Ischemia in Male Rats. cmja 2026; 16 (3) :231-242
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1107-en.html
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1107-en.html
1- MSc, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran ,n.shamsaei@ilam.ac.ir
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
4- Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2- Associate Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran ,
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
4- Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
Abstract: (259 Views)
Introduction: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of neuronal damage and cognitive impairment and is closely associated with increased oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks of endurance training combined with Shilajit supplementation on oxidative stress markers and passive avoidance memory following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in male rats.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were randomly assigned to five groups: Control, Ischemia, Ischemia + Endurance Training, Ischemia + Shilajit, and Ischemia + Endurance Training + Shilajit. The endurance training protocol and Shilajit supplementation (150 mg/kg) were administered for eight weeks. Following the induction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were measured. Passive avoidance memory was assessed using the shuttle box test. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.
Results: The cerebral ischemia caused a significant increase in MDA (6.585±1.18) and a significant decrease in TAC (0.376±0.081) compared to the control group (1.081±0.406, 1.712±0.229; p<0.0001). Endurance training (4.99±1.032, p<0.05) and the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplementation (2.447±0.222, p<0.001) caused a significant decrease in MDA compared to the ischemic group. In addition, the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplementation caused a significant increase in TAC compared to the ischemic group (0.887±0.185; p<0.05). In the assessment of passive avoidance memory, the initial latency time to enter the dark chamber was significantly reduced in the ischemic group (27.5±23.231) compared to the control group (136.33±44.99; p<0.05), while this time increased in the endurance training group (159±42) and the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplementation group (140.8±53.844; p<0.05). Furthermore, the time spent in the dark chamber was significantly increased in the ischemic group (110.5±55.507) compared to the control group (8.5±14.053; p<0.05). This time decreased significantly in the endurance training group (0.5±1), the shilajit supplement group (17.67±31.207), and the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplement group (25±50.498; p<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings obtained revealed that the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplement consumption can significantly improve ischemia-induced memory impairment by reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant capacity.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were randomly assigned to five groups: Control, Ischemia, Ischemia + Endurance Training, Ischemia + Shilajit, and Ischemia + Endurance Training + Shilajit. The endurance training protocol and Shilajit supplementation (150 mg/kg) were administered for eight weeks. Following the induction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were measured. Passive avoidance memory was assessed using the shuttle box test. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.
Results: The cerebral ischemia caused a significant increase in MDA (6.585±1.18) and a significant decrease in TAC (0.376±0.081) compared to the control group (1.081±0.406, 1.712±0.229; p<0.0001). Endurance training (4.99±1.032, p<0.05) and the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplementation (2.447±0.222, p<0.001) caused a significant decrease in MDA compared to the ischemic group. In addition, the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplementation caused a significant increase in TAC compared to the ischemic group (0.887±0.185; p<0.05). In the assessment of passive avoidance memory, the initial latency time to enter the dark chamber was significantly reduced in the ischemic group (27.5±23.231) compared to the control group (136.33±44.99; p<0.05), while this time increased in the endurance training group (159±42) and the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplementation group (140.8±53.844; p<0.05). Furthermore, the time spent in the dark chamber was significantly increased in the ischemic group (110.5±55.507) compared to the control group (8.5±14.053; p<0.05). This time decreased significantly in the endurance training group (0.5±1), the shilajit supplement group (17.67±31.207), and the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplement group (25±50.498; p<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings obtained revealed that the combination of endurance training and shilajit supplement consumption can significantly improve ischemia-induced memory impairment by reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant capacity.
Keywords: Endurance training, Lipid peroxidation, Passive avoidance memory, Shilajit, Total antioxidant capacity
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Physiology
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