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Volume 16, Issue 1 (4-2026)
cmja 2026, 16(1): 0-0 |
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Vahedi S, Taherzadeh M, Mosaferi Ziaaldini M. Comparison of Serum Testosterone, Cortisol, and Their Ratio in Young Non-athletes with Single Temperaments (Mizaj). cmja 2026; 16 (1)
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1077-en.html
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1077-en.html
1- University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2- University of Mazandaran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran ,mosaferi@um.ac.ir
2- University of Mazandaran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran ,
Abstract: (159 Views)
Background: Temperament, as a fundamental concept in Traditional Iranian Medicine, may contribute to explaining inter‑individual physiological differences. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of single‑temperament dimensions, thermal (warm/cold) and moisture (wet/dry), on serum testosterone, cortisol, and the testosterone‑to‑cortisol ratio (T/C) in non‑athlete men.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 28 non-athlete men aged 18-24 years. Written informed consent was given for participation. Single temperament was determined using a validated temperament questionnaire, and participants were classified according to thermal (14 warm, 14 cold) and moisture (15 wet, 13 dry) dimensions. Fasting blood samples were collected, and serum testosterone, cortisol, and the T/C ratio were measured. Data were analyzed using two‑way analysis of variance (Two‑way ANOVA) in SPSS (version 21).
Results: Two‑way ANOVA demonstrated a significant main effect of thermal temperament on serum testosterone levels (p=0.004), with higher values observed in warm‑temperament individuals compared with cold‑temperament individuals, whereas the main effect of moisture temperament on testosterone was not significant (p=0.18). For cortisol, a significant main effect of moisture temperament was observed (p=0.02), such that wet‑temperament individuals exhibited lower cortisol levels than dry‑temperament individuals; however, the main effect of thermal temperament on cortisol was not significant (p=0.50). In addition, the T/C ratio was significantly influenced by both the thermal temperament dimension (p=0.002) and the moisture temperament dimension (p=0.02). No significant interaction effect between thermal and moisture temperament dimensions was found for any of the studied variables (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the present findings, a more pronounced catabolic state appears to be associated with dry temperament compared with wet temperament, whereas the relatively anabolic profile observed in wet‑temperament individuals seem to be mainly attributable to lower serum cortisol rather than higher testosterone levels. Serum testosterone appears to be more closely related to the thermal (warm-cold) axis than to the moisture (wet-dry) axis of temperament. Accordingly, anabolic status may be more prominent in warm‑temperament individuals than in cold‑temperament individuals, while the relatively greater catabolic tendency observed in cold temperament is more likely related to reduced testosterone levels rather than increased cortisol.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 28 non-athlete men aged 18-24 years. Written informed consent was given for participation. Single temperament was determined using a validated temperament questionnaire, and participants were classified according to thermal (14 warm, 14 cold) and moisture (15 wet, 13 dry) dimensions. Fasting blood samples were collected, and serum testosterone, cortisol, and the T/C ratio were measured. Data were analyzed using two‑way analysis of variance (Two‑way ANOVA) in SPSS (version 21).
Results: Two‑way ANOVA demonstrated a significant main effect of thermal temperament on serum testosterone levels (p=0.004), with higher values observed in warm‑temperament individuals compared with cold‑temperament individuals, whereas the main effect of moisture temperament on testosterone was not significant (p=0.18). For cortisol, a significant main effect of moisture temperament was observed (p=0.02), such that wet‑temperament individuals exhibited lower cortisol levels than dry‑temperament individuals; however, the main effect of thermal temperament on cortisol was not significant (p=0.50). In addition, the T/C ratio was significantly influenced by both the thermal temperament dimension (p=0.002) and the moisture temperament dimension (p=0.02). No significant interaction effect between thermal and moisture temperament dimensions was found for any of the studied variables (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the present findings, a more pronounced catabolic state appears to be associated with dry temperament compared with wet temperament, whereas the relatively anabolic profile observed in wet‑temperament individuals seem to be mainly attributable to lower serum cortisol rather than higher testosterone levels. Serum testosterone appears to be more closely related to the thermal (warm-cold) axis than to the moisture (wet-dry) axis of temperament. Accordingly, anabolic status may be more prominent in warm‑temperament individuals than in cold‑temperament individuals, while the relatively greater catabolic tendency observed in cold temperament is more likely related to reduced testosterone levels rather than increased cortisol.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Physiology
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