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Volume 11, Issue 4 (3-2022)                   cmja 2022, 11(4): 304-315 | Back to browse issues page

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Latifi S A H, Haji Rahimian Tasuji M H, Rajabnejad M R, Asadi M H, Mahmoodi S A. Role of Aaraze Nafsani in Health and Illness. cmja 2022; 11 (4) :304-315
URL: http://cmja.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-630-en.html
Role of Aaraze Nafsani in Health and Illness
Seyyed Amir Hosein Latifi1 , Mohammad Hasan Haji Rahimian Tasuji 2, Mohammad Reza Rajabnejad3 , Mohammad Hosein Asadi1 , Seyed Abdollah Mahmoodi4
1- Research Center Traditional Medicine and Complement, Arak University of Medical Siences, Arak, Iran.
2- Researcher and Expert Research Quran and Etrat Student Vice Chancellor, Qom University of Medical Siences, Qom, Iran. , mmhrahimian@gmail.com
3- Faculty of Medicine and Iranian Traditional‌, Iran University of Medical Siences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Islamic Studies, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Siences, Arak, Iran.
Keywords: Aaraze Nafsani, Setah Zaroriah, Al-Hawi, Kamel Alsanaa Altabyh, Ghanoun fe Alteb, Zakhireye Kharazmshahy
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Introduction
The word psychology means the science of the psyche, which some scholars have defined as mental states or mental activities. Some scholars consider it a description of states of consciousness or self-awareness such as feelings, perceptions, reasoning, decisions, emotions, and desires. However, most psychologists consider it science that studies human behavior. 
Razi believed that if a new situation does not arise from reason, it will govern the desires, tendencies, behaviors, and decisions of the individual. Mental health is the ruling of reason over man. Huy is an injury that threatens the position of the reason and deprives it of its natural status, in which case mental illness occurs. Accordingly, the first superiority of man over animals is the queen of will and action after measurement.
Mental disorders are the states that affect the soul, and following the effect of those states, reactions are created in the soul that changes the body. These symptoms are crucial in maintaining and promoting health and treating the disease. Moderation in mental disorders (mental states) has a unique role in the health of the psyche and body, creating moderation in temperament, helping the body, preparing and empowering it to maintain and improve health, vitality, and coping with the disease since they affect all forces and actions as quickly as possible. 
Methods
In this review and descriptive study, the latest articles related to the psyche and mental disorders were searched with the keywords of “stress appraisals,” “coping strategies,” and “subjective well-being” in scientific databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Also, the subject of research was examined from the point of view of Mohammad Ibn Zakaria Razi (313-251 AH), Ali Ibn Abbas Ahwazi (384-318 AH), Bu Ali Sina (370-427 AH), Seyyed Ismail Jorjani (531-434 AH) using the books of these physicians such as Al-Hawi Fi Al-Tib, the law in medicine, Kamel Al-Sanae Al-Tabiye, Zakhireye Khwarazmshahi, Yadegar, Al-Aghraz Al-Tabiye, and Al-Mabahes Al-Alaeiyee, with the keywords such as the “essential set,” “mental disorders,” “anger and rage,” “joy and happiness,” “fear and sorrow,” “sorrow and shame.” After taking notes from the texts of the mentioned articles and books (materials were collected from the copies available in Noor software, printed books in libraries, and pictures of manuscripts in museums and libraries), the materials were analyzed. Finally, the common points were identified and cited in the article by comparing physicians’ findings in modern and traditional medicine, and the differences were also explained. 
Results
Self and mental disorders and self-purification and their role in health and disease have been considered by researchers. In traditional medicine, mental disorders include anger and rage, joy and happiness, fear and sorrow, sadness, embarrassment, etc. According to the great physicians of traditional medicine, these cases can be highly effective in people’s health. Zakaria Razi wrote about mental diseases and studied the effects of mental disorders in detail and how they affect health and disease. Ali Ibn Abbas Ahwazi examined all branches of medicine in Kamel Al-Sanae Al-Tabiya. Al-Ghanun Fi Al-Teb is the most methodical book written about temperament medicine, and Zakhire Khwarazmshahi is a comprehensive medical book that mental disorders are one of the significant pillars of these books because traditional medicine is based on six fundamental principles, one of which is mental disorders. 
Discussion
The great scholars of Iranian medicine paid particular attention to mental disorders and considered the management of these disorders necessary to maintain and promote the health of the soul and body. Psychological events are one of the most valuable topics in health and illness. It is necessary to strengthen the patient by keeping them away from mental disorders. Mental disorders prevent the drug from effect. Mental states strongly influence human temperament. 

Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
All ethical principles are considered in this article. The participants were informed about the purpose of the research and its implementation stages; they were also assured about the confidentiality of their information; moreover, they were free to leave the study whenever they wished, and if desired, the research results would be available to them.

Funding
This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors.

Authors' contributions
All authors were equally contributed in preparing this article.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.


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Type of Study: Research | Subject: Traditional medicine
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